• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT12222U1
    申请号:T0044610U
    申请日:2010-07-13
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Nevoga Service Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Austrian Patent Office AT12222U1 2012-01-15
    description
    HOLDER
    The invention relates to a spacer for use in tunneling.
    In the construction of tunnels area sealing materials, such as protective fleeces or Abdichtmatten, placed directly on the rock and / or Erdunterlage the tunnel wall or on a there for solidification and smoothing applied concrete (spray) layer. The sealing layer is adjoined inwardly by a concrete layer with at least one layer of a reinforcement mat. To ensure that the reinforcing mat is held before concreting at a predetermined distance from the tunnel inner wall, on the one hand to ensure the necessary concrete coverage of the reinforcing mat and on the other hand a substantially void-free contact of the sealing layer is ensured with the substrate, spacers are used. The spacers presently consist of simple concrete blocks, usually of fiber concrete, having on their one side a pressing surface and on the other side a receiving recess with which the spacer is supported on one of the bars of the reinforcing mat or on a separate rod used for this purpose extra was provided. However, concrete spacers are relatively heavy. Furthermore, their attachment is complex because each spacer must be laboriously fixed with Rödeldraht. The installation is made even more difficult because the recess provides only a support and no positional fixation. The spacers thus tend to rotate during installation and attachment, or optionally thereafter, around the rod against which they abut. On the one hand, this complicates the installation in addition, on the other hand, the spacer could be ineffective if, due to a region of greater tolerance of the distance of the reinforcing mats for sealing position of the spacer can not be firmly pressed between the two layers.
    The invention has for its object to provide a spacer, which no longer has the disadvantages described.
    The object is solved by the features specified in claim 1.
    The inventive design a spacer is created, which is easy and can be installed by untrained personnel. On the one hand the weight is reduced by the design of plastic, on the other hand, the spacer receives a material compared to the previously used concrete blocks higher material elasticity, on the one hand compensate for slight differences in distance and on the other hand ensures that a position-locking locking with a support structure in a structurally simple manner possible. A further compensation of even larger differences in distance between the support structure and the adjacent tunnel inner surface is made possible by the use of an adapter with a further pressing surface.
    Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
    Preferably, the locking takes place with the support structure via an elastically aufdrückbare clip.
    The adapter is attached to the body and preferably adjustable, so that different support positions can be realized in a simple manner.
    Preferably, the adjustment is carried out by a shift in a guide, wherein in a structurally simple embodiment, the pressing surface of the body can be part of the guide at the same time.
    The various positions of the adapter can be set by locking positions, the detent positions ensure at the same time that a convenient relative position between the body and adapter even with vibration or the like. Is maintained.
    The support device preferably includes a cylindrical, elastically deformable 1/12 Austrian Patent Office AT12 222U1 2012-01-15
    Recording, with a receiving opening which extends over less than half the circumference of the tubular, elastically deformable receptacle, so that when pressing the body results in a tight clamping fit.
    Symmetrically arranged for support guides facilitate assembly.
    An embodiment of the body with cavities and stiffening ribs further reduces the mass.
    The range of use for different distances is further extended by a plurality of adapters, which are to be connected to the body. The adapters may be made at the same height, bridging distances that are each a multiple of the adapter thickness, or the adapters may be made with different thicknesses so that they can be selected according to the size of the gap to be bridged. An adapter set may also contain a mix of adapters of equal strength and adapters of different graduated thickness.
    An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 6 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment a spacer according to the invention, the plan view of the inside of an embodiment of an adapter according to the invention in a perspective view, the plan view of the outside of an embodiment of an adapter according to the invention in a perspective view, the section IV - IV of FIG. 2, a perspective view of an embodiment of a spacer according to the invention with a mounted adapter in a first position, a front view of a spacer according to the invention with a mounted adapter in a second position, an application example of spacers according to the invention in a highly schematic representation, and [0023] FIG. 8 the enlarged detail A of FIG. 7.
    1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a spacer according to the invention 1. The spacer 1 includes a body 2, on one side with a hidden, outwardly facing Andrückfläche 3 and on the pressing surface 3 opposite side with a Supporting device 4 is provided.
    The body 2 is preferably formed as a prism having a substantially triangular cross section with a base 2a and side walls 2b, but may take other forms. The pressing surface 3 is provided at the base 2a of this triangular cross-section or at another suitable location and is substantially flat or slightly curved.
    The support means 4 is located on the opposite side of the pressing surface 3 of the body 2, and here at the top of the triangular cross-section. The support device 4 includes a latching element in the form of a receptacle 5, the cross-sectional shape and size of the cross-sectional shape and size of a support structure (see below) is adapted such that the support structure in the receptacle 5, preferably frictionally, can be accommodated. If the support structure is a rod, in particular a reinforcing rod, the receptacle 5 is substantially tubular. The receptacle 5 is accessible via a receiving opening 6, which extends over less than half the inner circumference of the receptacle 5 and is provided with an inlet guide 7, the two obliquely converging in the direction of the receptacle 5 guide walls 7a and 7b and thus acts as a clip , In the illustrated embodiment, the tubular receptacle 5 extends over the entire extension direction of the body 2; However, it may also be shorter or formed by individual spaced-apart sections.
    At the top of the base 2a of the body 2 shown in Fig. 1 are a series of webs 8, wherein two groups can be distinguished, the edge webs 8a and the middle webs 8b. All the webs 8 are substantially perpendicular to the base 2a and thus to the pressing surface 3 above the base 2a. The edge webs 8a are formed as part of the outer wall 2b of the body 2 and include an outwardly sloping beveled top surface 9a. The middle webs 8b are arranged between the outer webs 8a with preferably uniform intervals and contain a surface 9b extending substantially parallel to the pressing surface 3 (see also FIG. The height h of all webs is the same, where h at the edge webs 8a defines the height above the base 2a to the top of the beveled surface 9a (see FIG. 6).
    The webs 8 are arranged on both sides of the body 2 and are located in the axial direction with respect to the receptacle 5 opposite.
    The body 2 is formed as a hollow body and contains the continuous walls of the base 2a and the sides 2b and the receptacle 5, which form a substantially closed periphery. Front side, i. in the area of the webs 8, the body 2 is open. For stiffening, the body 2 includes inner ribs 2c which provide the necessary mechanical strength without increasing the weight of the body 2. Preferably, all or some of the central webs 8b may be provided on the stiffening ribs 2c.
    The spacer 1 with the body 2, the pressing surface 3 and the support means 4 is made in one piece from plastic, with PP or HD-PE are preferred.
    The spacer 1 may be used as shown in Fig. 1, but is preferably used with an adapter 10 (Figs. 2 to 4). The adapter 10 includes a drawer-like body 12 having side walls 12a and a bottom 12b. The bottom 12b is provided on the outwardly facing side with a pressing surface 13 (Fig. 3) which is substantially identical to the pressing surface 3 of the body 2, i. even if the pressure surface 3 of the body 2 is flat. Two opposite side walls 12a are provided at their free edges with perpendicular to the corresponding side walls 2a extending slide rails 14 which extend in the illustrated embodiment, however, not continuously along the corresponding side wall, but are only partially provided with two sections 14a and 14b per side wall. The slide rails 14a, 14b are part of a guide 15 with which the adapter 10 can be mounted on the body 2.
    Another part of the guide 15 is formed by ribs 16, which are provided at the same time for stiffening the body 12 of the adapter 10. The bottom 12b facing away from sides 16a of the ribs 16 have to the (not shown) lower sides of the slide rails 14 at a distance which is substantially equal to the height h of the webs 8 plus the material thickness of the bottom 2a. In this way, the adapter 10 can be fixed to the body 2, in which it is pushed with its slide rails 14 in the direction A on both sides and symmetrically to accommodate 5 on the body 2 webs 8, so that the pressing surface 3 on the tops 16a the webs and slides on this, while the lower sides of the slide rails 14 on the tops 9a, 9b of the webs 9 run.
    The adapter 10 can be secured in the position shown in Fig. 5 on the body 2, in which it covers the entire pressing surface 3 and replaced by its own Andrückfläche 13. However, it can also be used in the position shown in Fig. 6, in which the adapter 10 has been only partially pushed onto the body 2. In order to maintain this position, the guide 15 further includes a detent position for the adapter, which is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a latch 17 which is provided on the slide rails 14, at the respective outer ends in the direction of displacement A. Die Rastklin- / 12 Austrian Patent Office AT12222U1 2012-01-15 ken 17 are formed as a web with a certain elasticity of material and project via the slide rails 14 in the direction of the upper sides 16a.
    Now, if the adapter 10 is pushed over the webs, the latches 17 are deformed by the tops 9a and 9b in particular of the webs 8 and relax after passing this bridge again, so that a plurality of detent positions can be defined, the the number of lands whose tops 9b abut against the slide rails 14 is determined.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the spacer contains only a single adapter 10. However, it can be provided a complete set of adapters, the adapter 10 have either the same or different heights. Adapters with different heights can preferably be attached directly replaceable in the manner shown on the body 2, so that depending on the distance of the appropriate adapter can be used.
    However, it is also possible to provide each of the adapters laterally next to its pressing surface 13 with the webs 8 of the body 2 comparable webs, so that the adapters on the body 2 are stackable, i. E. several adapters of equal or different height on the body 2 can be fastened one above the other. A mixture of both systems is conceivable.
    As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the spacer 1 according to the invention has been developed for use in tunneling, where it serves to be a support structure 18, which may be a special holding means for the spacer 1 or a reinforcing mat or the like can keep at a distance to the tunnel wall and in particular a flat sealing layer 19 provided there and to press the sealing layer 19 to the tunnel wall. The support structure 18 contains in each case elements which are adapted to the support means 4 and in particular the receptacle 5 in terms of shape and dimension such that the spacer of the support means 4 can be latched to the support structure 18. The pressing surface 3 and 13 applies to the flat sealing material 19, which is placed either over the bare rock of the tunnel wall 20 or there is already existing cover layer 21 of shotcrete or the like. And presses them firmly. The flat sealing material 19 may consist of several layers of protective fleece and foil, as tunneling is common. However, the spacer 1 can also be used on all structures that form the tunnel wall. When the support structure 18 is formed as a reinforcing mat, as shown in the figures, the spacer also serves to create the necessary concrete cover. The spacer 1 can be snapped with its support 4 directly on the bars of the reinforcing mat, or the reinforcing mat 18 contains separately applied rods, preferably larger diameter (eg 20 mm), which provide better grip and at the same time specify the positions where the spacer 1 must be attached.
    To secure the spacer 1, these are locked by pressing the support means 4 with the support structure, wherein the guide walls 7a, 7b help to open the receiving opening 6 for entry of the rod of the support structure 18, wherein the walls 7a, 7b spring back, as soon as the rod is in the receptacle 5. By dimensional adjustment, so in particular adapted diameter, wherein the diameter of the rod of the support structure 18 is preferably slightly larger than the inner diameter of the receptacle 5, a friction fit of the spacer 1 can be achieved on the support structure 18, so that the spacer 1 maintains its position but is preferably intentionally rotated under the action of force. As shown in the figures, the spacer 1 may be used in an orientation substantially radial to the tunnel wall, but may also be tilted to compensate for greater distances.
    Even larger differences in distance between the support structure and the Abdichtlage 19 can be compensated by using one or more adapters in full postponement or a variety of locking positions, especially in the most different locking positions of the adapter, a greater range of Andrück- and Ab- 4/12
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    Austrian Patent Office AT12 222U1 2012-01-15 Standing effect also transversely to the recording 5 can be realized. In a modification of the described and illustrated embodiments, the displacement direction A can also be set axially with respect to the recording. Furthermore, the body may have other suitable cross sections; and the latching element designed structurally different. Spacer (1) for installation in a tunnel construction, comprising a body (2) provided with a pressure surface (3) for application to a sheet-like sealing material (19) for pressing against the tunnel wall, and a support device (4) is provided for connection to a support structure (18) of the tunnel construction, wherein the body (2) with the pressure surface (3) and the support means (4) is integrally made of plastic and the support means (4) a latching element (5) for locking on the support structure (18), characterized in that an adapter (10) with a further pressing surface (13) for compensating different sized distances between the support structure (18) and the sealing material (19) is provided.
    [2]
    2. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the latching element (5) as on the support structure (18) elastically latched clip is formed.
    [3]
    3. Spacer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adapter (10) is adjustably attached to the body (2).
    [4]
    4. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adapter (10) in a guide (15) on the body (2) is displaceable.
    [5]
    5. Spacer according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide (15) formed as a sliding surface pressing surface (3) of the body (2).
    [6]
    6. Spacer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the guide (15) defines at least one detent position for the adapter (10).
    [7]
    7. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the adapter (10) and the body (2) with a latch (17) provided slide rail (14) is provided.
    [8]
    8. Spacer according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one latching web (8) for engagement with the latching pawl (17) is provided.
    [9]
    9. Spacer according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that a plurality of locking positions is provided, wherein a latching pawl (17) with a plurality of locking webs (8) cooperates.
    [10]
    10. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support means (4) has a tubular, elastically deformable receptacle (5) for the support structure (18) having a receiving opening (6) extending over less than half Extending extent of the receptacle (5).
    [11]
    11. Spacer according to claim 10, characterized in that two symmetrically to the support means (4) arranged guides (15) are provided.
    [12]
    12. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a, preferably designed as a prism with a substantially triangular cross-section body (2) which is provided with cavities and stiffening ribs (2c).
    [13]
    13. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a base surface of the body (2) is designed as a pressing surface (3).
    [14]
    14. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a plurality of adapters (10) is provided, which are interchangeable and / or stackable with the body (2) are connectable. 5/12 Austrian Patent Office AT 12222 U1 2012-01-15
    [15]
    15. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the pressing surface (13) of the adapter (10) is formed substantially identical to the pressing surface (3) of the body (2).
    [16]
    16. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the adapter (10) has a drawer-like body (12) extending in a parallel to the pressing surface (3, 13) extending direction (A) on the body (2 ) of the spacer (12) can be pushed. For this 6 sheets drawings 6/12
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE202009009718U1|2010-12-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1959289U|1967-02-13|1967-04-27|Walter Hoff|SPACERS FOR INSERTS IN COMPONENTS.|
    US5107654A|1988-10-07|1992-04-28|Nicola Leonardis|Foundation reinforcement chairs|
    DE29707553U1|1997-04-28|1998-08-27|Betomax Kunststoff Metall|Spacers, especially for vaulted and tunnel structures|DE202015000589U1|2015-01-28|2015-03-19|Spritz-Plast Gmbh|spacer|
    DE202018102249U1|2017-09-07|2018-04-27|Bag Bauartikel Gmbh|Reinforcement system for the concrete lining of the inner shell of a tunnel building|
    法律状态:
    2016-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20150731 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE200920009718|DE202009009718U1|2009-07-16|2009-07-16|spacer|
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